Damiana

Turnera diffusa, known as damiana, is a shrub belonging to southern texas in the united states, main america, mexico, south america, and the caribbean. It belongs to the family passifloraceae.

Damiana is a relatively small, woody shrub that produces small, fragrant flowers. It blooms in early to late summertime and is followed by fruits that taste similar to figs. The shrub is said to have a strong spice-like odor somewhat like chamomile, due to the vital oils present in the plant.

Phytochemistry

Damiana consists of damianin; tetraphyllin b; gonzalitosin i; arbutin; tricosan-2-one; acacetin; p-cymene; β-sitosterol; 1,8-cineole; apigenin; α-pinene; β-carotene; β-pinene; tannins; thymol; and hexacosanol. In total, 22 flavonoids, maltol glucoside, phenolics, seven cyanogenic glycosides, monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, triterpenoids, the polyterpene ficaprenol-11, fatty acids, and caffeine have been discovered in the genus turnera. As of 2006, damiana’s constituents have not been recognized for their effects attributed to the whole herb. Damiana’s anxiolytic residential or commercial properties might be due to apigenin. The extract from damiana has actually been found to suppress aromatase activity, consisting of the separated compounds pinocembrin and acacetin. (1 )

Overview

Damiana is a wild shrub that grows in mexico, central america, and the west indies. The leaf and stem are utilized to make medication. Historically, it was used mainly to increase sexual desire (as an aphrodisiac).

Damiana is used to deal with headache, bedwetting, anxiety, nervous stomach, and irregularity; for avoidance and treatment of sexual problems; enhancing and keeping psychological and physical stamina; and as an aphrodisiac.

Some people inhale damiana for a small “high.” (2 ).

Description

Damiana, of the turneraceae plant family, is an aromatic shrub with little yellow flowers that grows on dry, sunny, rocky hillsides in south texas, southern california, mexico, and main america. The two types utilized in natural healing, both of which are referred to as damiana, are turnera aphrodisiaca and turnera diffusa. Damiana typically grows to a height of about 24 in (60 cm). Its pale green leaves, which turn yellow-brown when dried, are 0.5– 1 in (15– 25 mm) long and rather narrow. They have serrated (jagged) edges. The leaves and sometimes the stems of the plant have medical uses. Other names for damiana include old woman’s broom, mexican damiana, pastorata, hierba del venado, oreganello, and the bourrique. (3 ).

History

This fragrant shrub belongs to the household passifloraceae and can grow up to 2 metres in height. Damiana is prevalent in deserts in main and south america as well as in some parts of africa. In mexico in particular it is harvested and exported in muches.

In the 17th century the plant was first hence described by the spanish missionary juan maria de salvatierra: the indigenous individuals of mexico would utilize the leaves to make a watery extract which, sweetened with sugar, would be imbibed as a love potion. De salvatierra called the hitherto unidentified plant “damiana”, after st damian, the patron saint of drug store.

Making use of damiana extracts to treat coughs and other breathing conditions has actually been passed down from spanish colonial times. The maya peoples smoked dried damiana leaves for relaxation and lung cleansing, their word for it actually indicating “asthma broom”. It was also used to deal with diabetes, malaria, menstrual conditions and swellings of the urogenital system.

In north america, casts based upon damiana were offered as popular tonics into the 19th century. The damiana-containing product the mormon elder’s wafers was even prized as a cure-all for sleeping disorders, lameness, headaches and impotence. (4 ).

How it works?

A lot of research study has actually been done on the unpredictable oil of damiana, that includes various small, fragrant compounds called terpenes. Yet, it is uncertain if the unpredictable oil is genuinely the primary active constituent of damiana. Damiana extracts have actually been revealed, in a test tube, to weakly bind to progesterone receptors. Hence, damiana might be a potentially useful herb for some female illness. Nevertheless, no human research studies have actually investigated this possibility and it is not a primary conventional use. (5 ).

Benefits of damiana

Damiana (turnera diffusa, turnera aphrodisiaca) is a wild shrub. It is belonging to texas, mexico, south and central america, and the caribbean.

The dried leaves are believed to have an aphrodisiac result for both males and females. This implies they are used to enhance sexual function. Damiana is likewise sold as a cravings suppressant.

In natural medicine, damiana is used to deal with medical conditions, consisting of:.

• Asthma
• Stress and anxiety
• Depression
• Headache
• Constipation
• Menstrual conditions

There is no strong proof to support these usages.

This post takes a look at the herb damiana and the proof for its usage.

Damiana has been utilized in folk medicine for centuries. Still, couple of research studies have actually looked at this plant’s efficiency.

Much of the research that does exist is restricted to animal and lab research studies. The outcomes of these research studies can not be reliably applied to humans.

Enhanced sexual function

Damiana is widely promoted as a sexual stimulant and aphrodisiac. There is little scientific support for this.

A 2009 study found that damiana helped sexully tired male rats have a 2nd ejaculation. According to the research study authors, the results support its use as an aphrodisiac.

The authors suggested that flavonoids in the plant might trigger this effect.these are antioxidant-rich compounds discovered in some vegetables and fruits.

Other research study suggests damiana might also improve female sexual pleasure.

Two studies examined the supplement arginmax for women. This is an exclusive mix of:.

• Ginseng
• Ginkgo
• Damiana
• L-arginine
• Multivitamins
• Minerals

The first study consisted of 77 females. Participants took either arginmax or a placebo for 4 weeks. At the end of the study, 73% of those who took arginmax reported:.

• An increase in sexual desire
• A decrease of vaginal dryness
• A higher frequency of sexual relations and orgasm
• Improved clitoral feeling

This is compared to 37% of the placebo group.

The 2nd study examined arginmax in females in various stages of life, consisting of:.

• Premenopause
• Perimenopause
• Postmenopause

All groups reported higher levels of libido and complete satisfaction. Researchers also noted that enhancements in the postmenopausal group were significant.

The supplement likewise did not effect estrogen levels. Research study authors recommended the supplement may be a better option than hormone-replacement treatment for older women who wish to increase their libido.

Especially, researchers in both research studies could not state whether damiana alone can improve sexual function. It is possible it might work just in mix with other herbs.

Wrap-up

A couple of studies have found some evidence for damiania’s use in improving sexual function. More proof is required before it can be recommended for this usage.

Hunger suppressant

Damiana has likewise been studied as a weight-loss tool.

In a 2013 research study, females were offered a natural formula 15 minutes prior to meals. This formula included:.

• Damiana
• Yerba maté
• Guarana

Some individuals also took an inulin based soluble fermentable fiber. This kind of fiber liquifies in water. It is discovered in the roots of numerous food plants.

Subjects who took this formula ate much less food by volume and calories than to those who took the placebo.

Subjects who took the herbs but not the fiber also ate less calories. According to the research study authors, the supplement produced a robust, short-term reduction in hunger.

An earlier research study discovered that this natural formula postponed stomach emptying by an additional 20 minutes. This implies it took longer for food to leave the stomachs of those who took the formula.

It also reduced the time it took individuals to feel full.

Topics took the supplement daily before their main meal for 45 days. At the end of the time duration, they ‘d lost approximately 11 pounds more than those taking a placebo.

Those who kept taking the supplement for a year preserved their weight reduction.

This research study reveals pledge. Still, the study authors could not say if damiana suppresses hunger by itself. More research study is needed prior to it can be recommended as a weight reduction help.

Recap

Some studies have likewise found evidence that an organic formula containing damiana can assist reduce cravings. More research is required. (6 ).

Benefits for male and female

Male sexual health

Particularly shown for relieving issues of attaining and keeping erections, damiana likewise works to eliminate tension and anxiety related to fears of inadequate sexual efficiency. Research studies have revealed that taking in the plant works to decrease the digestion system and rather rushes oxygen to genital locations. This assists males to attain erection much more quickly and maintain it for longer time periods. Yet another study claims that use of damiana results in greater level of sensitivity in the erogenous zones, especially the genitals, which in turn may assist guys to experience higher sexual pleasure.

Female sexual health

Damiana had long been considered a specifically male aphrodisiac, up until family and incorporated doctor cynthia watson published her book, “love potions, a guide to aphrodisiacs and sexual enjoyments”. In it, she presented proof indicating that androgens such as testosterone might be reliable for promoting so-called “freezing” females, a particular some scientists presume might be brought on by an androgen deficiency. Watson likewise stated she saw a renewed interest in sex amongst ladies who used damiana. In additions she composed, “it is likewise reported to induce erotic dreams when drunk at bedtime. I can also inform you that damiana makes my dreams at least a little uncommon, with qualities deserving of an abstract walt disney production”.

Antidepressant

Among the active constituents of this herb is thymol, and it is this compound that is accountable for damiana’s life enhancing and revitalizing impact on the mind and body. Many herbalists prescribe damiana for moderate to moderate depression, stress and anxiety and nervous exhaustion. Its stimulating and restorative homes make it an important herb for stress and anxiety and anxiety taking place together– as can often occur as a result of long term stress.

Digestion health

This flexible herb will promote digestion health by facilitating the breakdown of fats and sugars in the gastrointestinal system. This mechanism is useful as it increases the body’s nutrient absorption rate, therefore making sure the body receives the most nutrients found in the food we eat.

Damiana also motivates the cleansing of the intestinal system, requiring the body to eliminate harmful chemicals and contaminants that would normally hinder the food digestion process. This natural herb can also be utilized to deal with dyspepsia or impaired food digestion as it actively slows down the digestion procedure. (7 ).

Further more

May assist fight avoid and diabetes

Some research study has revealed that a mix of damiana, guarana and yerba mate may assist individuals who are obese or obese to reach a healthier weight. These herbs can enhancing energy levels, which supports physical activity, lowering stress-related eating, assisting with hormonal balance, and possibly lowering cravings or cravings.

According to a study released in the journal of enthopharamacology referenced above, not just does damiana have anti-obesity results, however it likewise has antidiabetic, antioxidant, adapatogenic, antispasmodic and gastroprotective activities that may help in reducing the risk for numerous chronic illness. In certain animal research studies, t. Diffusa has been shown to have antioxidant residential or commercial properties that might prevent kidney damage and diabetes caused by mitochondrial oxidative stress.

Might fight infections

A variety of types of turnera plantsare extensively used in folk medicine for dealing with various kinds of inflammatory diseases and infections. Today, research informs us that plants in the turneraceae family can serve as a source of plant-derived natural compounds that have antibiotic resistance-modifying activity.

Damiana has been shown to function as a natural anti-inflammatory agent, expectorant (it helps to open up the airways and stop coughs) and immunomodulator. There’s proof that t. Diffusa can be used to treat otitis (ear aches/ear infections) and nephritis (swelling of the kidneys).

Pinocembrin is among the primary flavonoids isolated from damiana leaf. Pinocembrin activities have been well-researched and include antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer activities. For centuries, plants consisting of pinocembrain and flavanoids (both found in damiana) have been utilized to combat bacterial infections of the breathing, reproductive and digestive systems– including those brought on by bacterial stress such as gonorrhoeae, e. Coli, p. Aeruginosa, b. Subtilis, s. Aureus, s. Lentus and k. Pneumoniae.

Can help lower discomfort (headaches, stomach aches, pms, etc)

Ladies who struggle with serious pms symptoms, such as cramps and state of mind swings, may gain from using damiana leaf throughout their menstrual cycles. Damiana might likewise help alleviate headaches, muscle aches and stomach discomforts. Given that it has relaxant and digestive revitalizing effects, a historical use of damiana was drinking it to assist launch the muscles in the gi system in order to minimize constipation, bloating and stomach pain. (8 ).

How to make damiana tea?

Measure 1 or 2 loading teaspoons of dried damiana leaves, and put them into a tidy coffee mug or other heat proof drinking container.

Boil one cup of water in small pan or tea kettle on the stove top. Eliminate from heat and pour the boiling water into the mug, over the dried damiana leaves.

Enable the damiana tea high for 15-20 minutes. Strain the tea into a clean coffee mug, or into another heat proof drinking container. Discard the invested damiana leaves in the compost heap or garbage can.

Add a teaspoon of pure, raw honey to sweeten the damiana tea, if desired, however do not utilize granulated or refined sugar, as this can harm the helpful residential or commercial properties of the tea.

Garnish the damiana tea with a lemon wedge for additional flavor, if wanted, and beverage immediately. Optionally, you can add 1/2 teaspoon of lemon juice.

Idea

Add other pleasant tasting herbs such as mint or lemon balm to your damiana tea if you discover the flavor too strong.

Caution

Do not take damiana tea if you are diabetic. It can trigger the blood glucose to increase, leading to harmful side effects. Avoid damiana tea if you are pregnant. Although there is no proof that it can trigger harm, the effects on the fetus are unidentified, and it is constantly much better to be safe than sorry. (9 ).

Damiana tea benefits

The most noteworthy health advantages of damiana tea may include its effects on fertility, libido, gastrointestinal health and energy levels, among others. The flavonoids found in this tea are able to provide your body a significant increase, and these stimulant qualities are also understood to help increase sex drive and overcome frigidity. The results that the tea can have on the hormonal agents is indisputable, and not only can it help to improve fertility, however can likewise manage menstruation and prevent much of the common symptoms of that month-to-month cycle. (10 ).

Adverse effects of damiana

Get emergency situation medical aid if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; problem breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Stop using damiana and call your healthcare provider at the same time if you have:.

• A seizure (convulsions);
• Problem breathing;
• Fever, queasiness, throwing up;
• Modifications in your psychological status (agitation, fear, concern, confusion, hallucinations);
• Trouble swallowing, extreme saliva, drooling;
• Loss of movement in any part of your body; or
• Unpleasant muscle spasms or uncontrolled muscle motion.

This is not a total list of side effects and others might happen. Call your doctor for medical guidance about adverse effects. (11 ).

How to take damiana tea?

Damiana can be taken as a tea as much as three times a day. Prepare roughly 1 teaspoon (6-12 g) of damiana dried leaves in a mug of boiling water, leave to brew for 10 minutes prior to drinking. You can also take it in capsule or liquid extract kind. The proper dosage can depend upon a number of factors such as age, body composition and existence of any other conditions. Similar to most natural remedies, it is best to work with a functional physician or naturopath to assist you determine which is finest for your needs. (12 ).

Dosage

These days, you can find dried damiana leaves in tea bags and capsules. It’s likewise offered in tinctures, both alcoholic and alcohol-free. Smoking cigarettes and breathing in damiana leaves is possible however not advised.

Pregnant and nursing moms must not take in damiana, nor must individuals with liver problems. In high doses, damiana is stated to cause hallucinations. If you experience hallucinations while taking damiana, keep one’s cool and get medical aid as rapidly as possible.

Check out the label on your damiana preparation for dosage directions. A general guide is to take 2 to 4 grams or less of dried damiana in tea or capsule form with meals, three times a day. Specific experiences will differ, however hallucinations have actually been reported at dosages of 200 g.

Damiana has actually been offered as an active ingredient called “spice,” present in some herbal mixtures that mimic the results of marijuana. States differ on the legality these blends, however damiana is legal all over in the united states except louisiana. (13 ).

Interaction

Do not take damiana without medical guidance if you are utilizing any of the following medications:.

Insulin or oral diabetes medicine.

This list is not total. Other drugs might connect with damiana, including prescription and over-the-counter medications, vitamins, and organic products. Not all possible interactions are listed in this product guide. (14 ).

Preventative measure

Scientific literature and research claim that damiana and its leaves are one of the safest supplements for improving sexual performance.

There are almost no or minimal negative effects reported versus damiana. There are likewise no proven drug interactions with this herb.

In case of an overdose, you may pass loose stools because of the herb’s laxative effect.

Caution!

If you are pregnant or planning on conception, stay away from damiana since it is a powerful emmenagogue. Damiana can cause menstruation in women.

It may result in abortion or a stillborn if you did not refrain from the supplementation. Please consult your physician about taking this herbal medicine in any case. (15 ).

Conclusions

Examination of the cytotoxic homes of t. Diffusa revealed substantial results for different apolar extracts versus the myeloma cell lines mm1s, u266 and nci-h929. Methodical examination of the active extracts by uhplc resulted in the decrease of the complex metabolite to a series of possible candidates, which were consequently separated. Of these substances, naringenin and apigenin 7-o-( 4 ″- o-p-e-coumaroyl)- glucoside were recognized as two elements responsible for the observed activity. The cytotoxicity of naringenin is in line with previous findings, if however, observed for other cell lines.up to the best of our knowledge, compound 4 is referred to as cytotoxic for the first time. Nevertheless, its aglycone apigenin has been discovered active versus cancer cell lines previously. Interestingly, only one of the two checked apigenin coumaroyl glucosides (compounds 3 and 4) revealed activity in the carried out assays, suggesting steric results to play a pivotal role for the cytotoxicity of these substances.

Moreover, today study explains the first confirmed uhplc-dad method for the metrology of phenolic constituents in t. Diffusa. The established assay permits the quantitation of eight flavonoids in both, the herb and the conventional preparation of t. Diffusa, and paired to mass spectrometry provides details on the abundance of another five flavonoids happening in hydroethanolic damiana extracts. (16 ).

References

1. Https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/turnera_diffusa
2. Https://www.rxlist.com/damiana/supplements.htm
3. Https://www.encyclopedia.com/places/africa/mauritius-and-runion-political-geography/damiana
4. Https://www.ewaliashop.com/ewalia-magic-tips/damiana
5. Https://www.peacehealth.org/medical-topics/id/hn-2077004#hn-2077004-how-it-works
6. Https://www.verywellhealth.com/damiana-what-should-i-know-about-it-89557
7. Https://www.indigo-herbs.co.uk/natural-health-guide/benefits/damiana
8. Https://draxe.com/nutrition/damiana
9. Https://www.leaf.tv/articles/how-to-make-damiana-tea/
10. Https://www.organicfacts.net/damiana-tea.html
11. Https://www.drugs.com/mtm/damiana.html
12. Https://www.mariongluckclinic.com/blog/in-bed-with-damiana.html
13. Https://www.healthline.com/health/damiana-ancient-aphrodisiac#dosage
14. Https://www.emedicinehealth.com/drug-damiana/article_em.htm
15. Https://www.stylecraze.com/articles/damiana-leaf/
16. Https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc6429218/